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The climatic and agroclimatic characterization of the November on the territory of the Republic of Moldova
In Republic of Moldova, November is the last month of the year with positive temperatures. The average monthly positive air temperature is +2ºC in the Northern part and pînă la +5ºC in the Southern part. The coldest November since the beginning of instrumental observations was recorded in 1993, when the average monthly air temperature varied between -1,8ºC (Comrat, Cahul) and -3,3ºC (Briceni). The warmest November was in 2010, when the average monthly air temperature varied between +8,2ºั (Briceni) and +11,1ºั (Cahul).The average daily air temperature values during the month oscillated between -10..-17ºC (1892) and +16..+19ºั (2010). The stable transition of the average daily air temperature through +5ºC ( the end of the vegetation period of the most crops ) is recorded in average between 2 and 14 November and at the end of the month in the northern part of the republic the winter weather regime establishes. The absolute minimum of the air temperature in November since the beginning of instrumental observations constituted -21,7ºC (Chişinau, 29 November 1892), the absolute maximum +30,0ºC (Dubăsari, 1 November 1926).The average long term quantity of precipitations in November constitutes 35-58 mm. Nevertheless, in the last years, in some areas there were recorded no precipitations at all. The highest monthly quantity of precipitations was 214 mm (Cimişlia, 1922), and the daily 88 mm (Soroca, 1914). The number of days with precipitations in November is in average 10-13 days, with fog 3-9 days, glazed frost 1-2 days, snowstorms less than 1 day. The precipitations are mainly in the form of rain. The snow falls in the first half of November, but it melts very fast. The snow layer is forming only in the Northern part of the republic generally at the end of November. In some years and in some areas the average decadal snow layer reached 43 cm (Cahul, 1975).Amongst the hazardous meteorological phenomena for this month the most dangerous are the heavy snowing and the storms (in average once in 7-8 years). Also there may be recorded snowstorms and ice and frost deposits (in average once in 20 years). In the first half of November the plants vegetation period interrupts. The defoliation process for the fruit trees is ending at this period. During the stable transition of the daily average air temperature through +3ºั towards its decrease (in average on 21-26 November) the autumn crops vegetation period interrupts. In this period they are passing the twinning phase. In November, all the agricultural works end. The number of favorable days for the field works gradually reduces: in the first decade 8-9 days, in the second 4-7 days and in the third decade only 2-5 days. In the rest of the days of November the agricultural works cant be carried out due to the overwetting, soil freezing and snow layer forming. At the end of November (until the air temperature of -6ºC and lower is recorded) the vine chords of the nonresistant to low temperatures varieties are buried for the winter period.
Chief MCMC T. Bugaeva Chief AFC T. Mironova
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